Neural Control and Coordination
நரம்புக் கட்டுப்பாடும் ஒருங்கிணைப்பும்
- 1Neural System and Neuron Structure
Nissl's granules are just free ribosomes and RER packed into the cell body — they make proteins. They are not DNA, not lipids. One NCERT line, one guaranteed mark.
- 2Generation and Conduction of Nerve Impulse
At rest the inside of the axon is negative because the membrane lets K+ through but almost blocks Na+ — and the Na+/K+ pump sends out 3 Na+ for every 2 K+ it brings in. Remember 3-out, 2-in.
- 3Transmission of Impulses: Synapse
Electrical synapses are faster than chemical ones — not slower. And neurotransmitter receptors sit on the post-synaptic membrane, never on the pre-synaptic side.
- 4Forebrain: Cerebrum, Thalamus and Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus — not the cerebrum, not the medulla — controls body temperature, hunger and thirst. Together with the limbic system (amygdala, hippocampus) it also drives emotions like fear, rage and pleasure.
- 5Midbrain and Hindbrain
The medulla controls breathing, heartbeat and gastric secretions — damage it and life itself stops. The cerebellum, by contrast, handles balance and coordination.